Dining Feature

It was a clever plan to conflict with congruity, and Open this sort Of café †not a Korean feasting place. Singling is a slang term for Singapore and Western (English). Its menu holds Asian foods that are not normally around the metro and Western luxuries which the Filipinos are very used to. The café had a special assault on food; it is the first to present Singapore dishes in the avenues of Marking, and brain you, its menu is typically the shopping center commendable and overrated kind of menu, yet hello, they offer food at an entirely sensible price.Walking along Lilac road, a private and eating street in Barraging Conception Dos in Marking, it is very perceptible that Singling Cafe is a recently opened bistro on the grounds that for the individuals who know the spot, the slow down they are currently involving has for quite some time been empty, and with long, I implied outrageously long. Another is the point at which you look all things considered, their inflection of red a nd dark subtleties over light earthy colored wooden furniture looks one of a kind contrasted with the other 3 cafés adjacent to it. Entering the vacant café on a Sunday evening, what welcomed me was a tense and laid back inside design.All household items are wooden, a couple of seats and the casing of a gigantic mirror are wooden however are hued red. Their menu is along the counter and furthermore on all tables. They additionally have a writing slate menu that holds the beverages they have. I sat down on the left half of the burger joint just over their tremendous mirror with red wooden casing. At my back is a wooden divider with white little casings with photographs of food that they offer. The menu on the table is just imprinted in bond paper, however a clipboard holds it and makes it somewhat more presentable.I chose to arrange 4 dishes, ND underneath are my audits on the four: MME Green (PH 168. 00) †The primary dish that showed up is the MME Green, a Singapore dish. The dish looks sort of orange with observable reduced down chicken, and it had a green emphasize on account of the cabbages which are crunchy †new, in reality! It came out with a solid fish and hot smell, yet when once tasted it, it turned out not very hot and not very impartial. It is spiced perfectly. You can without much of a stretch water down the fieriness. No big surprise that the noodles are very firm since they are singed yellow noodles.I was simply brain of mistook searching for shrimps and fish pieces, yet there were no. I, at that point, pondered where the solid fish smell may originate from. The dish was so oriental in light of the flavors joined in it. Succulent Lucy Burger (PH 198. 00) †This dish is the shish in Singling. This burger is their top rated Western dish. The burger bun was introduced in a one of a kind way. It resembled joint boards framed like a bloom. Outside the burger were cabbage strips, a tomato cut and a cucumber cut beat with Thousand Islands dressing.These vegetables were additionally in the burger, however the tomato ND the cucumber were multiplied, and rather than cabbage strips, the burger had an entire crunchy cabbage leaf. The vegetables and the % pound hamburger patty are showered with mustard. The patty looks standard, however once you start eating it, gradually you can see the softened cheddar inside it. It's anything but a standard patty, I swear, it was fiery and gooey simultaneously. The cheddar praises the zestiness of the patty (with hotness I implied loaded with flavors). Braised Pork Belly with Steamed Rice (PH 188. 0) †The Braised pork gut and the Rice were served independently. The dish looked clearly gave pork Cuts, earthy colored sauce and spring onions that additional a green highlight to it. Its sauce is earthy and smooth. It is very salty and takes after the flavor of Showing's Sad Sauce. The pork was still very extreme making it difficult to bite. The rice works out positively for the dish s ince it diminishes the saltiness of the sauce. Nonetheless, it is appalling that I have just gulped the rice yet the pork remained in my mouth since it was hard to bite. Oat Shrimp (PH 298. 0) - ? Glancing through the menu, this dish struck me cause I have not yet attempted Shrimps with Cereals. The dish was presented with 3 Fried shrimps and a lot of oats as garnish. With the oats practically overpowering the shrimps, the dish was altogether shading light earthy colored with orange and green contacts as a result of the shrimps and the curry leaves separately. Started stripping the shrimps and saw that it looks very much cooked even all things considered, and I simply checked it when I tasted it. It possessed a flavor like plain shrimp until I attempted it with the oats. It tasted rich, and the oats were crunchy.

An Overview of Peace and Conflict Free Essays

AN OVERVIEW OF PEACE AND CONFLICT DEFINITIONS: Peace is regularly observed as the opposite of war. I. e. We will compose a custom paper test on An Overview of Peace and Conflict or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now harmony and war as cut out of the same cloth. Consequently the meaning of harmony as the nonattendance of war, and that of war as the nonappearance of harmony The issue with this definition is that it doesn't clarify everything about harmony and war For instance even in circumstances of war, a few states of harmony despite everything win. E. g. in demonstrate hatred for the long stretches of threats between the Israelis and Palestinians, both have had the option to agree on the utilization of their water assets. Besides, the definition doesn't consider the issue of auxiliary viciousness, in the expressions of John Galtung. As indicated by Galtung, war speaks to just one type of viciousness, which is physical, open and direct. The others type of viciousness has to do with social states of life. This comprises of †¢Poverty †¢Exclusion †¢Intimidation †¢Oppression †¢Want †¢Fear and †¢Other types of mental weight So from this investigation, it is conceivable not to have tranquility even where there is no war. This is the circumstance in nations where there is intense destitution, police fierceness, abuse of the poor by the rich, utilization of influence to threaten individuals by people with significant influence. Indeed, even where there is no war in such social orders, they may not encounter harmony (Ibeanu) OTHER VIEW OF CONFLICT: †¢Conflict as the quest for contrary interests and objectives by various gatherings †¢Conflict happens as a battle over qualities. The qualities might be as far as physical of material belongings or assets, status or force. (Louise Coser) †¢Central to strife is the issue of observation. At the point when one gathering sees the activity of another as forestalling or obstructing the accomplishment of an objective, clash is said to happen. Consequently the two fixings essential for struggle to happen are: ? Seen objective inconsistency ?Perceived open door for impedance or blocking. At the end of the day, strife happens when a proposed activity is seen to be unfriendly or unfavorable to the acknowledgment of one’s goal Generally discernment is a result of man’s physiological, subjective and social auras which obviously vary from individual to people, and starting with one condition then onto the next. In this way, we can say that contention is unavoidable to the degree that it is basic to the presence of any foundation, body or society It is inescapable in light of the fact that individuals are normally not quite the same as each other in their mentality, observation and direction. Be that as it may, clashes could be dangerous if not appropriately took care of. Subsequently we frequently sat that the way and way clashes are settled separates one association or society from another. Different PERSPECTIVE OF PEACE †¢To the Instrumentalists: Peace is an unfortunate obligation. Here the nonattendance of war serves the target of social advancement and improvement. At the end of the day, where there is harmony, society will encounter positive change in all aspects of life. 2. TO THE FUNCTIONALISTS: Peace has a social capacity of coordination and request. That harmony is basic if society is to work appropriately. On the off chance that not the social and political framework will encounter pressure, and afterward brake down. 3. TO THE PHILOSOPHERS: Many rationalists decipher harmony as a characteristic, unique, natural condition of human presence. I. e. , the pre-defilement condition of man in the public arena, as God set up it. This is the God’s made condition of flawlessness. Instances OF PHILOSOPHERS †¢St. Augustine of Hippo: He recognized â€Å"two cities†, in particular; The city of God, established on immaculate sublime harmony and otherworldly salvation; and the Earthly city of man, established on securing and possessive mindset of man, however degenerate and consistently in struggle. †¢John Rousseau: He sees from the edge of a condition of nature, the first reality of man where there are no wants, where men were normally acceptable, free and appreciate quietness. Be that as it may, this air was debased by human want and insatiability for private property †¢THOMAS HOBBES His contention was that harmony is a result of the condition of nature where life was poor dreadful, brutish and short, and where society was in a condition of interminable war. For men to defeat this sorry state, they set out to build up an implicit agreement in which each surrendered his/her entitlement to self insubordination to incredible power (what he called the leviathan) most importantly to which all were subject, accordingly making an increasingly quiet and systematic life †¢THE HEDONISTS AND UTILITARIANS Argue that people normally look for satisfaction and maintain a strategic distance from torment, and thusly lean toward harmony to war and brutality. PLATO: He tends to the social setting of harmony. He considers equity to be the most key premise of requested public activity. For him, equity is the premise of serene public activity. Equity is given to every hello or her live. Plato characterizes society as far as three classes of individuals: †Workers †occupi ed with creation †men of hunger †Soldiers †safeguard the general public †men of boldness - Rulers †Govern the general public †Men of Knowledge Each must work inside his territory of skill, and where this doesn't work, he sees bad form †¢SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF PEACE The Sociologist additionally addresses the social setting of harmony †¢The Sociologist considers harmony to be a state of social amicability, the nonattendance of social oppositions †¢Peace to the humanist, is a condition wherein there is no social clash and people and gatherings can live up to their necessities and desires This is accomplished through the foundation of structures to play out certain fundamental elements of society; for instance a general public must help, it must teach it residents, produce products government and its regularly give security to its individuals. To accomplish these structures, for example, schools, businesses, parliaments, courts and military are built up. †¢Therefore to the sociologists, harmony is accomplished where these structures play out their capacities sufficiently †¢TO THE MARXISTS: †¢Conflict is a result of rationalistic realism †¢It is a result of the structure of remunerations in the general public †¢It is an impression of the idea of class and class battle †¢This breeds a battle for the control of the methods for creation in the general public †¢The aftereffect of the chaperon imbalance is in two folds; Violence executed by the high society on the persecuted †Violence built by the abused against the decision class †progressive viciousness. Thus the expression â€Å"Those who roll out tranquil improvement unthinkable roll out brutal improvement inevitable† †¢Political Perspective of Peace †¢Politically harmony is equivalent with political request when the political structures are steady, we discuss harmony in the general public: †¢Peace is likewise observed as a political condition that makes equity conceivable. The colapse of the political structures lead men to look for other course to uphold their will. These might be as Mob activity, showing, strikes or even military upsets To guarantee harmony accordingly the political structures must be steady and viable to degree that they play out their job. Strategically, these must ensure residents investment in the political procedure; guarantees resistance of contradicting sees; and empower bartering and exchange. Likewise politically, harmony recommends that legislature doesn't depend on pressure and the instruments of power, (for example, armed force, police) in managing residents Instead individuals eagerly acknowledge and comply with the directs of government Peace in this sense hints shared agree and consent to regard the principles overseeing a general public whether locally or universally. In any case, the inquiry is whose request? Should each political request be continued just to guarantee harmony (e. g. The Nazis, Mobutus, Abacha) Instructions to refer to An Overview of Peace and Conflict, Essay models

Needles

Needles I got my first piercing in eighth grade, at Walmart. I had done horribly in a Mathcounts competition, so my mom and I decided that I should get a haircut. A lady at Walmart cut my hair boy-cut short and then my mom said wouldn’t my newly androgynous haircut look wonderful with strips and loops of metal through my ears? And I said that sounded kind of nice. So another lady at Walmart used a piercing gun (which requires little more training than a stapler) to put two new holes in my ears. A few months of ick and ouch later I started putting shiny metal things through my ears. I soon discovered that I couldn’t choose between earrings in the morning. The worst was that they matched: how nice that pearl stud would look with that gold hoop, or that fake green diamond stud with that twisty metal thing. My indecision didn’t fade as I got older. A turning point came when last weekend my friend Ami ’14 decided to get a cartilage piercing and I decided to tag along, ostensibly for moral support but inwardly with sinister ulterior motives. Finally, I thought, I would extinguish my morning dilemma. If I got my ears pierced again, I could wear two pairs of earrings at the same time. Never again would I have to choose between dangly earrings and studs. But what if I got an infection from the piercing needle? Images of graffiti-covered basement tattoo parlors filled my head. What if they didn’t sterilize their needles? Worse, what if the needle missed my ear completely? I’d endure an IAP-long struggle recovering from the horrible bleeding, only to get an infection that would last the whole semester. Even if I didn’t get stabbed in the wrong place I’d still get an infection from my own negligence, probably during the semester. I spent most of finals week living on Pop-Tarts; if I couldn’t even feed myself, how could I take care of two whole ears? Would I look silly? Could I ever get a job? What about a mortgage? Could I ever be a real grownup? I wondered if this was reminiscent of that time in middle school when I wanted to start wearing makeup so I could draw blue hearts around my eyes. People would see the two earrings and wonder if I couldn’t decide between studs and danglies in the morning and all I could say is yes, that is precisely why I paid money to have holes put in my body. And then I saw my turtle earring, so green and lovable, and thought how wonderful it would be to wear it alongside my green studs. A little green turtle and a matching green dot. I could even get a smaller green turtle earring, so my ear could have a mommy turtle and a baby turtle. It would be so cute. And then I caved. Ami picked out a place in Harvard Square that a lot of our friends recommended. It was freezing. We got on the wrong side of the Red Line, watched the wind chime installation, watched a train go by in the wrong direction, walked outside, crossed the street, and got on again on the other side. The tattoo parlor looked surprisingly like a doctor’s waiting room with masks and red paint on the walls and relaxing music. We picked out our studs for the next eight weeks and signed a release form. After a few minutes I was called into the operating room. It looked surprisingly like a doctor’s office, complete with a blue leather seat with a paper cover. My surgeon introduced himself as Greg. Greg had gauges in his ears, tattoos, and a palette of needles. He picked one up. “Is this going to hurt?” I said. “No,” he said, “it’s a marker.” He marked my earlobes with two black dots and showed me in the mirror. Apparently Walmart put my first piercings in the wrong place. He would put the next two where the first two should have been. Greg picked up a needle and said the piercing would feel like a shot. He told me to take a deep breath. The prick in my ear was followed by a moment of panic. I held my breath. My heart kept beating. I thought I felt my sternum curl up toward my spine. Another deep breath. And it was done. Greg explained how to clean my ears. Then it was Ami’s turn. Five minutes later we were free. We had pizza next door and took the T home.

Does Wasp Spray Work for Self-Defense

A viral message circulating since 2009 advocates using wasp spray for self-defense instead of pepper spray because its allegedly more effective and works at a greater distance. Theres precious little proof that this is true, however. Apart from some YouTube videos and anecdotal claims from anonymous parties, no real research has been done. Origins of the Story Description: Email rumor / Viral textCirculating since: June 2009Status: Questionable (details below)Example #1:Email contributed by Marv B., January 20, 2010: Wasp SprayA friend who is a receptionist in a church in a high risk area was concerned about someone coming into the office on Monday to rob them when they were counting the collection. She asked the local police department about using pepper spray and they recommended to her that she get a can of wasp spray instead.The wasp spray, they told her, can shoot up to twenty feet away and is a lot more accurate, while with the pepper spray, they have to get too close to you and could overpower you. The wasp spray temporarily blinds an attacker until they get to the hospital for an antidote. She keeps a can on her desk in the office and it doesnt attract attention from people like a can of pepper spray would. She also keeps one nearby at home for home protection... Thought this was interesting and might be of use.FROM ANOTHER SOURCEOn the heels of a break in and beating that left an elderly woman in Toledo dead, self defense experts have a tip that could save your life..Val Glinka teaches s elf-defense to students at Sylvania Southview High School . For decades, hes suggested putting a can of wasp and hornet spray near your door or bed.Glinka says, This is better than anything I can teach them.Glinka considers it inexpensive, easy to find, and more effective than mace or pepper spray. The cans typically shoot 20 to 30 feet; so if someone tries to break into your home, Glinka says, spray the culprit in the eyes. Its a tip hes given to students for decades.Its also one he wants everyone to hear. If youre looking for protection, Glinka says look to the spray.Thats going to give you a chance to call the police; maybe get out.Maybe even save a life.Please share this with all the people in your life.Analysis U.S. residents tempted to avail themselves of this Internet-recommended self-defense option by stockpiling wasp spray would do well consider that federal law prohibits the use of any pesticide in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. Likewise, some states forbid carrying substances for self-protection that arent specifically authorized for that purpose. There could be significant liability issues involved. The main ingredient of pepper spray is capsaicin, an oil extracted from chili peppers which temporarily causes severe irritation of the eyes and lungs, producing a strong burning sensation and difficulty breathing. Wasp sprays, on the other hand, consist of one or more insecticides such as pyrethrum or propoxur. While the toxic side-effects of such chemicals do, in fact, include eye and lung irritation in humans, they are chemical poisons, the main purpose of which is killing pests. Wasp Spray vs. Pepper Spray Notwithstanding variations among specific products (of which there are many), its probably true that wasp and hornet sprays in general, because theyre manufactured for use at greater distances, project further and more accurately than pepper sprays, which typically have a range of six to 10 feet. How reliably wasp and hornet sprays would actually work as a deterrent against human assailants is bound to vary, however, given differences in formulation and the fact that they werent made for that use in the first place. To my knowledge, no one has ever tested or documented the effectiveness of insecticide sprays for self-defense. Until they do, prudence would dictate refraining from using it that way. One reader who accidentally received a dose of wasp spray while using it around his home told me he was surprised at how little irritation he felt. A gust of wind caused a good splash of the spray to come right back into my right eye, he wrote. I panicked and started to run to a source of water, only to find there was no adverse reaction at all, no more than being squirted with a water pistol. It took me at least ten seconds to get to the water, and I rinsed it off, and never felt anything from it. Update While we still lack any academic research, various videos have appeared on the Internet putting these claims to the test. In Pepper Spray vs. Wasp Spray Challenge (2015), a subject is given tasks to complete after being sprayed with each item. Wasp spray was found to be significantly less incapacitating than pepper spray. In Wasp Spray vs. Pepper Spray (2012), personal safety expert David Nance concluded that wasp spray is impractical both to carry and to use as a self-defense tool.

Public Administration and Ethics Essay - 677 Words

Public Administration amp; Ethics In public administration, decisions are a lot of times made based upon ethical principles, which are the perception of what the general public would agree is correct. This helps keep the administrators ethical because they first must ask themselves if they will be under public scrutiny if they don’t make an ethical decision. Ethics has also placed additional burden on public administrators regarding how they handle their personal lives. When a person enters into the public realm, a lot of the details that would normally be private from their individual lives become made available for public record. These ‘details’ are things such as the individual’s health, finances, any misconduct on record, etc.†¦show more content†¦Corruption is a huge issue in public administration. There is a lot of temptation for the individual in the public eye to use their high authority position for their personal well-being. The government must keep a close eye on t his as it often becomes an issue. The issue of corruption can be as small as low level city government and can go as high as the president. Public administrators also have to decipher the difference between â€Å"majority of the people† versus just public interest. Just because the majority of the people think that guns should be banned because they can cause death, doesn’t mean that it’s the right thing to do for society. The minority of the people might think that they deserve to keep their 2nd amendment rights and keep protecting their families. In this case, the minority may be right versus the majority. The government must decipher such differences. Just because the majority may believe something, it may not be in the best interest for the entire public. The government must defend the human rights of minority groups in order to defend human rights. In some cases, this can be an ethical issue because the government may sway more towards the majority to keep more people happy to win votes. A current example of privatization of government is President Obama and his healthcare reforms. President Obama wants to de-privatize health care because it is â€Å"public interest†. He wants the health care to beShow MoreRelatedEthics And The Public Administration2014 Words   |  9 PagesEthics is an important characteristic to have in today’s society; many people lack ethics or lack the understanding of what ethics is. It can play a valuable role in your everyday lives and activities. Ethics is a culture where people can distinguish right from wrong and make knowledgeable decisions based on the fact and not a personal belief. Public administration ethics is described as the representative’s administrator’s duty to the public to make considerate decisions based on the informationRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Public Administration System Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesAdministrative Ethics is one of the terms of Administrative science which begins with an d grounded in duty. The nature, meaning and scopes of ethics have overgrown in the course of time. Ethics is thickened to public administration. In public administration, ethics concentrates on how the public administrator should question and reflect in order to be able to act responsibly. We can simply bisect the two by saying that ethics deals with morals and values, while public administration is full of actionsRead MoreProfessional Ethics And Public Administration2137 Words   |  9 PagesGenerally, the issue of ethics especially in the business world is very complicated. Accordingly, many scholars have tried to explain the rationale behind being ethical. For instance, early scholars such as Milton Freidman and Adam Smith explains this issue by exploring on the social responsibilities of corporates, as well as in the theory of incentives whereby the rationale is driven by the needs of either the firm or an individual who is profit maximization and maximization of utility by hou seholdsRead MoreUnethical Behavior Has A Negative Impact On The Public, Economy And Work Environment Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesEthics according to the Merriam-Webster dictionary is â€Å"the principles of conduct governing an individual or a group† (Ethic, 2015). As public administration professionals, we have a duty to make ethical decisions and always put the general public’s interest before our interest. Repeatedly, the general public is being confronted with unethical behavior. Unethical behavior continues to be a persistent problem in the public, nonprofit and for-profit sectors. Some recent unethical behavior includesRead MoreH. George Frederickson’s The Spirit of Public Administration Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Spirit of Public Administration† is an informative yet drab look at motivating public administrators. Frederickson discusses a wide variety of topics that would be useful to any public administrator, but the verbiage use d is a bit difficult for an individual that may be entering into the service field â€Å"The Spirit of Public Administration is broken down into three parts. These parts are: Part I: Governance, Politics, and the Public Part II: Issues of Fairness Part III: Ethics, Citizenship, andRead More How Does the Public Sector Work? Essay1683 Words   |  7 PagesIf you dont understand how the public sector is supposed to work, how can you ensure that it is working? An easy definition of public administration is, â€Å"the implementation of government policies† (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2010), or, â€Å"the implementation of public policy† (Infoplease.com, 1997). While policies and procedures seem to be continuously up for debate, it should be noted that, an informed public are the only sure-fire way to ensure that the public sector stays on track with meeting theRead More public administration Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The roll of ethics in public administration is based on the administration; administrators should be value-free when they implement public policy. I will discuss why ethics should be based on the administration and, why it should not be based on each individual worker in the administration. I will discuss Weber’s stance on values in bureaucratic organizations, what Macintyre suggests, and what Hummel and Goodsell would conclude about values in public administration. Most people do not understandRead MoreEssay about Ethical Behavior in Public Management594 Words   |  3 PagesEthical behavior in leaders in Public Administration has a significant impact on their employees and the environment of their work place. Ethics is not looked at in the same light in other parts of the world. What some cultures view as normal behavior, our culture may view as unethical or corruption. (Branscome, 2008, p. 1). Some behaviors in other cultures have been instilled as a normal way of doing business. In our culture, employees feel their leaders should be beyond reproach in order forRead MoreEthics and Accountability in Public Service1697 Words   |  7 PagesEthics, Integrity and Accountability in Public Sector: Practice and Lessons Learned in Latvia Alekse js Loskutovs, Director Corruption Prevention and Combating Bureau Latvia 28 September 2006 (10 min.) The public sector in Latvia has undergone many important changes over the past decade. In mid 1990s Latvian government started a major public administration reform. This reform was one of the cornerstones on Latvia’s way to the European Union, which we joined in May 2004. Latvia made a great effortRead MorePolicing1068 Words   |  5 PagesEthics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Perla M. Flores CJA/484 Criminal Justice Administration Capstone March 10, 2014 Fran Hart Ethics in Criminal Justice Administration Analysis Ethics in criminal justice administration is a very important aspect because professionals within the criminal justice system make important decisions every day that involves critical thinking, and the choices they make will have an impact in society;

How does bilateral trading differ from electricity pooling Free Essays

string(257) " Capacity short and Capacity sufficient countries Capacity short and Capacity sufficient countries as far as energy is concerned, refer to countries whose demand response for energy is short and sufficient respectively \(through capacity mechanism\)\[13\]\." ABSTRACT Liberalisation in the energy sector opened opportunities for new market entrants leading to high competition in the market. As such, countries were forced to change their models of electricity trading in order to remain efficient and competitive in the market. The differences between bilateral and electricity pooling models are well described by the arrangements made. We will write a custom essay sample on How does bilateral trading differ from electricity pooling? or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this sense, the differences between bilateral and electricity pooling will be critically analyzed pointing out the differences between contracts for differences, power purchase agreements, differences in market structure, rules and procedures. The research in question is expected to reveal the inefficiencies that are associated with electricity pooling (centralized market system) and the reason why most countries are transferring to bilateral trading (decentralized market system). Equally important, a comparison of both models of trading to each other in a liberalised market will be carried to show that bilateral trading is a market oriented model and as such, the most efficient in a liberalized market. CHAPTER ONE Introduction To begin with, electricity as a commodity has the capability to be sold, bought and traded altogether. At the most basic level, it is not easy to store electricity and as such, it has to be available on demand. Therefore, electricity has to go through a cycle of generation, transmission, distribution, supply and metering and as such, the supply should meet the demand[1]. According to Crew, Schuh the Centre for Research in Regulated Industries[2], â€Å"electricity markets are defined by the physical realities of transmission systems along with the features of regulation and the institutions†. In the same line of deliberation, electricity marketing is based on various models and in this context, there will be an exploration of bilateral and electricity pooling models along with a comparison of both to each other in a liberalised market. Background of Study According to Bjornebye [3], electricity trading may take place bilaterally or at organized markets, where contracts for the sale and purchase of electricity under bilateral trading are entered into directly between the seller and the buyer. It can also be done by the help of trading institutions, brokers or basically out of the sole initiative of the parties in the contract. Fundamentally, such agreements or contracts are termed as over-counter contracts, abbreviated OTC[4].Currently, it has been noted that in many European electricity markets, bilateral trading has been playing a key role. On the other hand, electricity pooling is the mechanism through which electricity contracts involve predetermined multilateral contracts amongst participants in the market[5]. Importantly, bilateral trading is market-oriented in design as it encourages more interaction between sellers and the buyers. While this is the case, electricity pooling operates as a centralized trading model and as such, competition is exclusively on generators with nominal contribution from the buyers[6]. A critical analysis of the two models in a liberalized market would make it easy to suggest which models work most efficiently. Statement of the Research Problem Having stated that electricity is a commodity that cannot be stored, it then becomes essential to determine the best model of trading that can efficiently be used in a liberalized market. Following this point, the statement of the research problem is how bilateral trading differs from electricity pooling detailing the major differences in terms of contract for differences and power purchase agreements, differences in Market Structure and the differences in Market Rules and Procedures. This will then shed light on which model works best in a liberalised market. Objective of the Research The main objective of the study is to show the main differences in terms of contract for differences in power purchase agreements, differences in Market Structure and the differences in Market Rules and Procedures for both bilateral and electricity pooling models of trading. Research Questions The research in question is meant to answer the following questions: How does bilateral trading differ from electricity pooling What are the differences between contract for differences and power purchase agreement, differences in Market Structure and the differences in Market Rules and Procedures Which is the most efficient model in a liberalized market Significance The study in question is of great importance to the electricity industry in the sense that the results obtained can be used to make recommendations on which model of trading is the most efficient; bilateral trading or electricity pooling. Again, stakeholders in the electricity market can use the information to make informed decisions. Study Plan CHAPTER TWO Liberalisation in the energy sector In reference to Collier, European University Institute Working Group on Environmental Studies[7], energy being an important commodity, should receive free movement. Outstandingly, government intervention in the energy sector has always been strong and as such, public regulation and ownership is what has controlled the sector. Recently, there has been much reform, and as such, a number of countries across the world have changed their focus from the traditional one to liberalisation made possible through international energy investment law[8]. It is actually through the liberalisation of the energy sector that markets have been opened to competitors. The rationale for liberalization is deemed to have been merely based on arguments of economists. This is to suggest that liberalisation is deemed to reduce barriers in the market along with the increased economic efficiency[9]. According to Geistberger[10], liberalization of the energy sector has been well received by some states while others have lagged behind. However, Geistberger[11], points out that through liberalisation prices are expected to be lower owing to more efficiency in both the allocation and the management of resources. In particular, Europe has lagged behind with a large percentage of the major gas utilities focusing on the domestic operations. However, if such companies exploited the liberalisation opportunity, then, Europe would benefit from more merger and acquisition opportunities also, Europe would benefit from better investment in the management and infrastructure along with the creation of opportunities for distribution companies[12]. Capacity short and Capacity sufficient countries Capacity short and Capacity sufficient countries as far as energy is concerned, refer to countries whose demand response for energy is short and sufficient respectively (through capacity mechanism)[13]. In this sense, a capacity short country cannot supply enough energy and as such, cannot even try to engage in the cross border marketing or meet demand. On the other hand, a capacity sufficient country has the capability to supply energy sufficiently even at its peak loads. Such a country can then engage in cross border trading (liberalized market) without being constrained. Brief Description of Pooling Principally, electricity pooling operates in the market under arrangements of trading that are mandatory along with compulsory bidding and settlement procedures. The goal of electricity pooling is to maximise on the social welfare made possible through electricity production and consumption[14]. The main participants in an electricity pool are the generators, system operators, market operators and suppliers just to mention a few and as such, they are the ones who are obliged to sign the pooling agreements. For compulsory pools, generators are required to sell their output to the pool and as such the price is determined by the pool. Notably, electricity pools often allow member generators to place bids on the amount of electricity that they can generate given a certain price. It is clear in this case that the buyers input is not considered. Pools operate on an hourly basis whereby generators have to compete to meet demands of each hour. Brief description of bilateral trading Kirschen Strbac[15] asserts that bilateral trading involved two parties, namely the buyer and the seller. In this sense, the contracts entered in this case are without the interference or facilitation from a third party. Basically, the amount of time and the quantities of energy available for trading enable the sellers and buyers to choose different forms of bilateral trading[16]. Such forms of bilateral trading take in customized long-term contracts which are used on small amounts of energy in over counter trading which are meant for large amounts of energy. Bilateral trading may also take the form of electronic trading which is commonly used in a computerized market place. Needless to say, prices in a bilateral trading are determined by parties involved. CHAPTER THREE Comparison Notably, both electricity pooling and bilateral trading models have both advantages and disadvantages but is worthy to note that bilateral trading gives opportunities for the parties involved to trade without restrictions to . On the other hand, electricity pooling allows generators to find a market for their electricity. Comparison between contract for differences and power purchase agreement Contract for differences (CFD) is a contract between two parties which takes in a buyer and a seller and in particular, it shows that the seller is to pay the buyer the difference realized between the current value of the particular asset and the value at the time of the contract. In other words it is an equity derivative that gives room for the parties involved to speculate on share movements without the need to own the underlying shares. In this sense, there is no connection between the CFD and the system operator; therefore there is no market operator in this case[17]. On the other hand, power purchase agreements refer to contracts that are entered into between two parties. In particular, it is a contract entered in by the seller (electricity generator) and the buyer (the one who seeks to purchase electricity). It is actually a take it or leave it contract and as such, the producer is obliged to finance, design, build, maintain, own and as such monitor the energy production asset of the host and then sell the power to the host at a rate that is negotiated at a predetermined moment in time[18]. Differences in Market Structure Both the electricity pooling and the bilateral models of trading have abstract differences. For instance, electricity pooling assumes a centralized market accompanied with a central schedule and dispatch of generators. On the contrary, a bilateral model assumes a decentralised market with much dependence on self dispatch. Whereas, pools have their contracts based purely on finances and as such, contracts entered into are used to manage the fiscal risks. Quite the opposite can be said of the bilateral model that uses contracts as the main tools of trade. Differences in Market Rules and Procedures Market rules and procedures in both models of trading differ. While pools are not considered as markets owing to lack of involvement of buyers in price determination, bilateral models make a better market owing to the involvement of buyers and sellers in the process of trading. Notably, differences of prices due to demand fluctuations are common in pools and as a result, CFDs are commonly used in order to cope with the volatility of prices[19]. There is less volatility in a bilateral model since there is room for negation between the buyer and the seller. Therefore, use of power purchase agreements is common with this model. Therefore, in pools the price is determined without input from the buyer while in a bilateral model; price determination is reached through a negotiation between the buyer and the seller. CHAPTER FOUR Country specific text and cases (E.g England and Wales Experience) Noticeably, The England and Wales Experience have proved to be a good example owing to its use of the electricity pooling model in the 1990s. However, the new labour Government in power in the UK from May 1997 introduced new reviews of the systems of energy owing to the government’s concern over manipulation of the pool by large generators. Electricity trading arrangements were subsequently reviewed and the year 2001 witnessed a launch of new rules termed as New Electricity Trading Arrangements (NETA)[20]. This allowed electricity trading to be conducted outside a central power market (pool) and as such, the trading took place in a bilateral model of trading whereby sellers and buyers were afforded the opportunity to negotiate the prices of the electricity. This led to enhanced competition and price reductions along with the introduction of a balancing mechanism which ensured stability of the market system by either paying for the shortfalls or being paid for excesses. CHAPTER FIVE Conclusion Basically, electricity pooling and bilateral trading present two models of trading with different ideas of operation. In actuality, electricity pooling is a centralized market system while the bilateral model of trading is decentralised. As such, the bilateral model of trading allows competition and the interaction between buyers and sellers and as a result, it is the most efficient method for use in a liberalized market. Thus a liberalised market allows suppliers to compete across the whole spectrum of the market and as such, just as bilateral trading, liberalization allows room for competition. REFERENCES Bajpai, P Singh, SN 2004, Electricity Trading In Competitive Power Market: An Overview And Key Issues , International Conference On Power Systems, ICPS, Kathmandu, Nepal P110. Bielecki,J Desta, MG 2004, Electricity Trade In Europe: Review Of Economic And Regulatory Challenges, Kluwer Law International, Netherlands. Bjornebye, H 2010, Investing in Eu Energy Security: Exploring the Regulatory Approach to Tomorrow’s Electricity, Kluwer Law International, Netherlands. Brennan, TJ, Palmer, KL Martinez, S 2002, Alternating Currents: Electricity Markets and Public Policy, Resources for the Future, Washington, DC. Cameron, PD 2010, International energy and investment law: the pursuit of stability, Oxford University press, New York, USA. Collier, U, European University Institute Working Group on Environmental Studies 1998, Deregulation in the European Union: Environmental Perspectives, Routledge, New York. Cottrell, M 2011, Guidebook to the Leed Certification Process: For Leed for New Construction, Leed for Core Shell, and Leed for Commercial Interiors, John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey. Crew, MA, Schuh, JC Center for Research in Regulated Industries (Rutgers University) 2003, Markets, Pricing, and Deregulation of Utilities, Springer, Massachusetts. Dow, S 2008, Electricity Privatisation, Liberalisation and Contracting, (Lecture Notes on Downstream Energy Law and Policy, University of Dundee, CEPMLP. Geistberger, M 2012, The Internationalization of Energy Firms: A Literature Review, GRIN Verlag, German. Harris, C 2006, Electricity Markets: Pricing, Structures And Economics, John Wiley Sons, New Jersey. Kirschen, DS Strbac, G 2004, Fundamentals of Power System Economics, John Wiley Sons, New Jersey. Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development 2004, Energy Policies of IEA Countries: The Netherlands 2004 Review, OECD Publishing, Paris, France. How to cite How does bilateral trading differ from electricity pooling?, Essay examples

Shakespeares Definition Of A Ghost Essay Example For Students

Shakespeares Definition Of A Ghost Essay Shakespeares Definition of a GhostThe American Heritage Dictionary, published in 1973, defines a ghost as,the spirit or shade of a dead person, supposed to haunt living persons orformer habitats. Unfortunately, this simple definition does not explain where aghost comes from or why it haunts. When used in the context of ShakespearesHamlet, this definition seems to suggest that the ghost who visits Hamlet trulyis his dead father seeking revenge. To the modern reader, this straightforwardinterpretation adequately characterizes the ghost and his purpose; however, tothe Elizabethan audience the ghosts identity proved more complex. For theElizabethans, four different types of ghosts existed, each with its own purposeand qualities. Before they could determine the meaning behind the ghostsappearance, the Elizabethans had to classify the ghost in one of the fourcategories. Similar to the modern definition, the Elizabethans believed in thepossibility of the ghost being an actual dead person se nt to perform some taskor mission. On the other hand, the ghost could be the devil disguised in theform of a deceased loved one, tempting to procure the soul of one of the living. The nonbelievers among the Elizabethans saw ghosts as omens, telling of troubledtime ahead, or simply as the hallucinations of a crazed person or group. Shakespeare recognized the complexity of the Elizabethan ghosts identity andplayed off of the confusion, making the question of identity a key theme to hisplay. Throughout Hamlet Shakespeare explores each of the possible identities ofthe ghost with each one adding a new twist to Hamlets plight. When news of the ghosts presence first reaches Hamlet and Horatio, theydeclare it an omen of forthcoming evil. Hamlets reaction indicates that he isnot surprised, My fathers spirit in arms? All is not well. / I doubt somefoul play. Would the night were come! / Till then sit still, my soul. Foul deedswill rise, / Though all the earth oerwhelm them, to mens eyes (I.iii.255-259). Hamlet already believes that Gertrude has committed a foul deed in marryingClaudius and the ghosts appearance supports Hamlets anger. At the time, Hamletdoes not know of his fathers murder, but he suspects there may be more behindthe ghosts appearance and he is anxious to learn its complete meaning. Horatio,too, sees the ghost as an omen, but he also realizes that the omen may mean thedownfall of them all, In what particular thought to work I know not; / But, ingross and scope of my opinion, / This bodes some strange eruption to our state(I.i.67-69). Thus, as an omen, the ghost does little more than foreshadow thecoming tragedy in Shakespeares Hamlet. When Hamlet first encounters the ghost he truly believes it is hisfather. Perhaps out of shock, Hamlet quickly certifies the validity of the ghost,It is an honest ghost, that let me tell you (I.v.138). Hamlets trust in theghost causes him to promise revenge before he has clearly processed the possibleconsequences; Hamlet does not ask questions, he simply believes. According tocustom, if a father was killed it was up to the son to seek the properreparations, often the death of the murderer. Thus it is no wonder that Hamletsthoughts rapidly turn toward revenge once he hears the ghosts story. Hamletcannot be blamed for his initial trust; it is typical of a first emotionalreaction to rush blindly without considering consequences or repercussions. Furthermore, Shakespeare makes it clear at the beginning of the play thatHamlets mourning is especially deep and prolonged, How is it that the cloudsstill hang on you? (I.ii.65) questions Claudius. Hamlet wants to believe theghost because its presence allows him to converse with a father he so dearlymisses, and whose untimely death prevented Hamlet from saying his proper good-bye. .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .postImageUrl , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:hover , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:visited , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:active { border:0!important; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:active , .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0 .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufb254b31781d50af416bdfe9a08498d0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Christmas Is A Good Holiday For Many Reasons EssayHamlets initial trust and belief quickly dissipates as he begins tohave doubts; in fact, Hamlets view of the ghost reverses and he comes to see itas the devil disguised as his dead father. Within a relatively short period oftime, Hamlet emotionally changes from extreme trust to extreme distrust. Whileat first he anxiously seeks revenge, his new view of the ghost causes him to askquestions and doubt the necessity of such an attack on Claudius. Hamlet startsto consider the consequences of his actions and the possibility of damnation:. . . The spirit that I have seenMay be a devil, and the devil hath powerT assume a pleasing s hape, yea, and perhapsOut of my weakness and my melancholy,As he is very potent with such spirits,Abuses me to damn me . . . (II.ii.610-615)Hamlets doubts lead him to use The Mousetrap to determine the guilt of Claudiusand the validity of the ghost. Hamlet reasons that if Claudius shows signs ofguilt than the ghost truly is his risen father, but if Claudius remains stoic,than the ghost is the devil in disguise. The fault in Hamlets reasoning lies inthe possibility of the devil telling the truth to acquire Hamlets soul for hisdark purposes. As the play progresses, Hamlets insanity grows and in Act III, theghost appears for the last time as a hallucination. When the ghost appears inGertrudes chamber, only Hamlet is able to see it, causing the Queen to questionhis sanity, Alas, how ist with you, / That you do bend your eye on vacancy, /And with th incorporal air do hold discourse? (III.iv.117-119). At thebeginning of the play, Horatio and the others all saw the ghost, yet now onlyHamlet can see it. In this context, Shakespeare uses the hallucination of theghost to bolster Hamlets insanity and to indicate that Hamlet has made hisdecision to seek revenge and kill Claudius. Before, the ghost was the only proofHamlet had of his fathers murder and he needed its assurance in order to actout his revenge. After The Mousetrap and Claudius reaction, Hamlet has seenwith his own eyes the Kings guilt and has enough evidence to seek revenge onhis own the reality of the ghost is no longer needed. Depending on the view of the ghost, the tragedy of Hamlet can beunderstood in several distinct ways. When seen as an omen, the blood bath withwhich the play ends is both unavoidable and foreshadowed. If the ghost is trulyHamlets father, than Hamlet dies heroically, revenging his fathers untimelymurder. On the other hand, if the ghost is really the devil, Hamlet has beentragically tricked into relinquishing control of his soul; sadly Hamlet knewbetter, but his reasoning and intelligence were no match for the devils guile. Finally, the hallucination view of the ghost presents Hamlet as a tragiccharacter whose obsession with his fathers death and his mothers incestuousmarriage lead to his downfall. Regardless of the reality or validity of theghost, Hamlets death and thus his tragedy, remains.

The Precedence of Perseverance free essay sample

During my eighteen years of existence I have been subjected to countless advisements, proposals, teachings and guidance. And though I am extremely grateful for all the lessons have I have encountered, one specific piece of advice triumphs over the rest. A British author known as Samuel Johnson once declared, â€Å"Great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance.† The significance and impact that this quote had over me was enough to form and shape my behaviors for the duration of my high school career. I spent all four years attempting to maintain an aura of diligence and understand the components of perseverance. If one were to look up the definition of perseverance they would simply see a cluster of large synonyms that have little purpose and lack compelling denotation. Nevertheless, over the years I have learned that perseverance is more of a state-of-mind than it is a simple adjective. In 2007 when I became a high school student I quickly realized a lot of things about myself. We will write a custom essay sample on The Precedence of Perseverance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I became aware that success was an important part of my education and in order to obtain my desired success, I was going to have to develop an incredibly persistent work ethic. I made a plan to always take notes in class and never miss a homework assignment. Little did I know, however, that those were only the beginning steps in becoming an accomplished student. I needed to demonstrate my ability to remain determined, focused, and devoted. Even being slightly stubborn and relentless proved itself helpful when it came to challenges in my education. In specific subjects such as Math and Science the words of Johnson seemed to have a surprising effect on me. Algebra and Chemistry contained some of the hardest concepts I’ve ever had to deal with. It was in these two classes that I learned I did not possess the natural strength that these subjects required. What I did possess, however, was perseverance. I worked unbelievably hard, spending many of my lunches, studies, and afternoons obtaining extra help in both classes. I became focused on not just learning the material, but actually understanding it. The notes and homework assignments went beyond normal school work and I treated every task like it was a test. I soon realized that I was no longer treating these courses like a high school class, rather a personal assessment taxing my endurance. I had now entered a state-of-mind. The exact state-of-mind that is perseverance. The quote by Johnson has taught me that to persevere is to maintain the highest level of motivation that one has. High school was a time for me to perfect my capability to persevere and I plan to use my capabilities starting the first day I walk through the college campus doors. The ability to remain motivated and maintain immunity against defeat is perhaps the most important ability that one can acquire. For me, I was able to begin my journey towards this ability due to the insightful words of Samuel Johnson.

Walmart Market Structure

Walmart Market Structure A market is said to function depending on the number, size and the power which is held by producers/firms which are operating in that particular market.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walmart Market Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Products are bought and sold differently in the market and they are bought and sold under different conditions. These prevailing conditions that products are bought and sold determine the market structure in which a particular firm is to operate. There are four market structures namely; perfect competition, monopoly, monopolistic competition and oligopoly each with its distinct characteristics. Founded in 1962, Walmart is a major grocery retailer in the United States of America with its headquarters in Arkansas (Fishman, 2006). The company’s sales account to billions of shillings, for instance, in 2009, the compared recorded sales of $258 US Dollars. The companyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s stores are in 55 different countries with the leading ones being in the US. The company also operates Mexico, UK, Brazil and Canada among others under different names. The company had to exit markets like Germany because it did not do well. When Walmart is judged from a bird’s eye view, it has the characteristics of an oligopoly. One of the reasons as to why Walmart may be referred to having an oligopoly market structure is because it is operating in an industry where there are other few competing firms which are offering the same products that Walmart is offering. These major competitors are Kmart and Target (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009) which have tried to cut a niche in the market. When discussing oligopoly market structure, the emphasis is not entirely on the market structure but also on the way the firm will relate with other firms in the industry. When we look at Walmart as an oligopoly, does it anticipate the reaction of its competitors before the firm makes m ajor decisions owing to the fact that it is the largest grocery retail stores in the US? One of the major characteristic of an oligopoly market structure is that there has to be interdependence among firms (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). Organizations in oligopolistic markets also at times will agree to work together in order for them to benefit jointly. Another distinguishing feature of firms in oligopolistic markets is that there exists price rigidity because changes in the price of the commodities of one firm/organization may lead to price wars among the other firms in the industry (Fishman, 2006). Therefore oligopolistic market organizations are price rigid which is not the case with Walmart for it gains its competitive advantage over other firms in the industry through lowering its prices and therefore driving up the sales of its commodities. This introduces the concept that Walmart is a monopoly in the industry, operating in an oligopolistic market structure.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Walmart leads in terms of grocery retail in the US and competitors do not offer stiff competition and the reason why the organization has been able to offer low prices for its products despite the existence of other competing firms in the same industry (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). Walmart is never largely affected by the pricing strategies of its competitors but instead its competitors are the ones who have to adapt their prices to match the prices of Walmart. The size of Walmart in comparison to its competitors gives Walmart the characteristic of a monopoly. The organization has approximately 8500 stores. In 2009, the company ranked the greatest in terms of its revenue and therefore the large capital base makes the organization to enjoy internal economies of scales and therefore able to reduce its operational costs. This acts to the advant age of the organization through offering its customers low prices for its products and thus able to create customer loyalty. Competitors, the examples of Target and Kmart are unable to produce and sell at the prevailing market conditions offered by Walmart giving Walmart dominance in determining the prices of the commodities (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009). For other grocery retailers which are trying to come in to the market, are simply forced out of the way by the giant corporation making Walmart a monopoly in the grocery retail business. Effectiveness of monopoly structure for Walmart is that the company is the ring leader in relation to setting the prices of grocery products. Competitors simply have to adjust their prices to the tune of Walmart prices for the competitors fear getting into wars over prices with Walmart (Fishman, 2006). Another advantage is that the corporation through its large capital base can afford to operate more and more retail stores to offer competition to c ompetitors. Where competitors cannot penetrate, Walmart can penetrate and thus Walmart organization is able to make the most of whatever demand exists in the market. Also Walmart, being a giant organization, has the advantage of being able to maintain prices to the level that it wants for the small sized corporation in the grocery industry are unable to compete with it. From the above analysis, the organization (Walmart) has an oligopolistic market structure due to the existence of competitors which are trying to curve a niche in the market but its monopolistic market structure has outdone the oligopolistic nature of Walmart (Zhu, Singh, Manuszak, 2009), therefore in presence of these competitors, Walmart is still a monopoly. References Fishman, C. (2006). The Wal-Mart Effect: How the Worlds Most Powerful Company Really Worksand How Its Transforming the American Economy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Walmart Market Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Zhu, T., Singh, V. Manuszak, M. (2009). Market Structure and Competition in the Retail Discount Industry. Journal of Marketing Research (JMR)

Others Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Others - Essay Example s decrease from P1 to P2, the quantity demanded by customers increase from Q1 to Q2, which is represented by a movement is the demand curve from point A to B. On the other hand, a shift in the demand curve is brought about by the changes in other factors affecting demand other than the price. They are taste, level of income and others. In the graph below, DD is the demand curve before any change. When the mentioned factors causes the demand to increase, the DD shifts to the right from DD to D1D1. The quantity demanded at P1 increases from Q1 to Q2 as shown in the graph below (Tucker 67-75). In economics, supply is the amount of goods and services that suppliers are willing and able to supply to the market at a given price and time, ceteris paribus. Therefore, the supply curve represents the association between the quantity supplied and the prevailing market prices. In the graph below, SS is the supply curve. When commodity prices increases from P1 to P2, the quantity supplied increases from Q1 to Q2 and the movement along the supply curve is from point A to B (Tucker 67-75). A shift in the supply curve is caused by factors other than price. They are the prices of factors of production among others. When the factors of production are cheaper, the quantity supplied increases leading to a shift in the demand curve from SS to S1S1. See the graph below (Tucker

MIDTERM QUESTIONS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MIDTERM QUESTIONS - Essay Example The mass media is able to effectively set almost any political or public agenda and frame how media consumers view a particular topic. For instance, an overall majority of information that is presented to the consumers against gay marriage would set a public agenda that suggests that everyone is and should be against gay marriage. The agenda-setting and cultivation theories come into play here and have a direct relationship with setting the public agenda. Gatekeeping is a process that all media stories go through internally within the specific media outlet to determine what information is allows to be presented to the public and in what way. Writers and reporters typically are given specific assignments and told to write them from a particular viewpoint. After the work is written, the editors will comb through the work to make sure that it is void of errors and presents the appropriate message for the general public. Because media outlets frame messages, the editors are directly responsible for ensuring that the messages are properly framed and presented in a clear, understandable format. The potential problem that this presents is that the consumer may not be able to peel apart the framing of the mass media. In other words, the consumer is only going to hear a specific message and not always the entire story. This does not mean that the media is lying about the story, but it simply means that the way it is portrayed is framed in a specific manner so that the consumer perceives it in a particular way. Many consumers do not think objectively about a news story and accept what they view to be true. The media can easily take advantage of the ignorance of the general public. The mass media can cultivate an individual’s attitude or perceptions based on the type of message and the specific details of the message that are being portrayed. Cultivation

A Review On Nature Vs Nurture

A Review On Nature Vs Nurture For decades it has been debated that humans intelligence, behavior, and socioeconomic status are determined by the surrounding environment a human grows up in rather than the genealogical history they are born with. While humans may inherit physical traits from their biological parents, there is no reason genes should affect intelligence or behavior. It can be argued that human intelligence and behavior is passed down generations through genes, but there is evidence countering such theories. I firmly believe that humans come into this world as a blank slate and that behavior is formed as well as influenced by the surrounding environment in which they are raised. I will present both sides of this argument and provide both scientific and personal evidence. While both sides hold valid claims and possess good supporting evidence, the nurture simply more logical. This commonly known argument is known as the debate between nature and nurture. In this debate, nature argues that behavior and intelligence are affected genetically and that a person is able to maintain their minds ability solely through what they are born with. Those backing this belief in this case are known as nativists. Nativists in one way or another assume that human characteristics as a whole are a product of evolution. This debate only began over a century ago when Charles Darwin brought up this theory between the environmentalists and nativists. Darwins cousin, famous English scientist Francis Galton (1822 -1911), believed that intelligent families brought up intelligent children. Galton was the most famous explorer of human intelligence and made important contributions to criminology, physical anthropology, and meteorology. He made the most significant contributions to both psychology and genetics. Galton was convinced that intelligent humans came from families which possessed other intelligent family members. Professions of art, science, and politics often ran in those families that he observed. Galton theorized that people had the potential to produce a highly gifted race of men by judicious marriages during several consecutive generations (Neill, Nature vs Nurture in Intelligence). He called this eugenics. He also argued that intelligence was bred and not trained, siding with nature. Though arguably, Galton was raised through means of great wealth as his father Samuel Tertius Galton was a prominent banker. His family contained rich bankers and gunsmiths. There is no doubt that his family had easy access to high education. In his time, good education and the idea of attending a great college usually happened to wealthier folks. So it could instead be said that intelligent humans actually came from families who possessed great wealth and were actually able to afford a quality education. After World War I, several psychologists started to reconsider their nativist views and sought intelligence to be influenced through environment rather than through genealogical history. At the time African Americans were given IQ tests to compare with that of whites for a mass study. The end results showed that African Americans from Illinois scored higher on IQ tests than whites from nine other southern states. Through this analysis some scientists found it difficult to make peace with the basic idea that whites were intellectually superior to blacks. Evidence soon seemed to support a closer link between intelligence and social class, rather than race and intelligence. Following in the 1960s, the focus of an individual pertaining to hereditary studies began to shift towards social determinants. The idea started to move away from the nature and genetic outlet to the environmental and nurture end. In this case, nurture refers to the surrounding environment. Environment plays a huge factor as it may be the air we breathe, water we drink, food we eat, people we speak to, people we see, etc. Parents arent the only aspect of environment. There is also the surrounding culture. After this general idea began to be widespread, America reformed its public education and improved poor living conditions with welfare in order to better the environment. Talk of nature playing a role in contributing to any individual differences, especially intelligence, became minimalized through the present political stance. However, evidence of the differences in intelligence between racial and socioeconomic groups did not dissipate. In 1994, the Bell Curve controversy began. Richard J. Herrnsteins and Charles Murrays The Bell Curve swung the idea of nature back into the minds of the general public. This 800+ page book re-ignited the nature vs. nurture debate and generated massive controversy in sociology, education, psychology, and politics. It implied that an individuals intelligence, which was partially inherited from both biological parents, would determine that individuals socioeconomic background and future life experiences. So it claimed that your IQ could determine your job, annual income, education, criminality, relationships, and socioeconomic status. Now this is where the debate gets really heated. Readers from the left viewed the authors as racist scientists, un-American, and the book as a complete joke. Then you have the readers on the right seeing the authors at brave, powerful and respectable scholars. The nurture end of this debate claims that the behavioral differences and psychological characteristics that emerge from infancy to childhood are the simple result of learning. It leans towards the idea of how a human raised and nurtured affects solely the psychological aspect of childhood development. The only thing that biology here has to do with this is with the physical maturation of the human. Those with strong views on nurture in this debate are known as environmentalists. Environmentalists believe that the human mind at birth arrives into this world as a blank slate and that future actions along with personality and intelligence are gradually nurtured as a result from experience. Intelligence is very important to this debate. Nativists say that differences in intelligence are determined through means of certain smart genes that are being passed down generations -wealthy ones at that, if anything. Some environmentalists believe that differences in intellectual ability are a result of certain social inequalities relating in access to opportunities and material resources. For example, if a child is raised in a ghetto neighborhood, the likelihood that they will earn a good score on an IQ test is rather low because they were denied the exact same life chances that other more privileged members of society had. This is why the nature vs. nurture debate gets heated, and its understandable too, because what starts as an attempt to understand how the neighborhood that a child is raised in or the public school that they attend is able to determine the causes of behavioral differences can sometimes get into a politically motivated dispute about distributive power and justice in society. Thankfully I was raised in a nice neighborhood that consisted of friendly neighbors and calm locals. I had a good friend who lived two houses down and we would go to the same school together almost every day. His parents had college degrees and earned a good average living. I always thought he would turn out to be something big since he was very bright. Later I guess he moved in with his aunt in some other town because his mom and dad were fighting and arguing a lot. They ended up getting a divorce I figured, as the home he used to live in began to welcome moving trucks at the garage door. Last I saw him, we were both 12. The next time I saw him was when I turned 17 and it was on the local county news. He had assaulted a liquor store clerk and attempted to rob the place for a gang initiation. I wasnt so sure it was the same person because of the generic name until it was later confirmed through Facebook that evening. I looked through at his location, friends, and education and not surprisingly, he had moved to a very low income neighborhood that held a bad reputation that was located nearby downtown. So how could it have been that such an environmental shift affected his lifestyle s o drastically? He befriended gangsters and he lost interest at the public school that he attended nearby. When we were younger we went to the exact same school and lived in the exact same neighborhood. I surely did not turn out that way. I cant think of any one of my neighbors who had such a tragic change like that happen to them and affect them harshly. I always said that it was merely his environment. If parents talk, read, and listen to their kids, then they tend to do well academically and are very bright. If parents provide firm and flexible rules, then their children tend be to be well behaved. If parents treat their kids harshly then they tend to be anxious, aggressive and stressed out. A child can also acquire bad habits from their surrounding environment. Today in society, our environment isnt just about our families and friends. We have cellphones, television, music, and social networking which influence us in different ways. Todays youth is just a button away from sending a text message, searching the internet, or turning on the television. To conclude, the debate between nature and nurture consists of two ideas, both with much supportive evidence and criticism. The belief that nature is responsible for human intelligence, behavior and socioeconomic status is interesting, but does not convince me that those characteristics can be inherited. All I can see inherited are merely physical traits that appear through maturity. Nurture seems more plausible as it brings up the idea that a humans surrounding environment affects not only its intelligence and behavior, but its social life as well. This debate is still very current today as scientists battle over how much human intelligence and other behavior are determined by genes and how much by the environment.

Death of a Salesman: The American Tragedy

Arthur Miller’s play â€Å"Death of a Salesman† is considered by many to be a modern tragedy. In â€Å"Poetics†, Aristotle offers his description of a tragedy, and Miller’s play meets these requirements. The American Dream that the protagonist, Willy Loman, spends his life chasing, is, in itself, tragic. And that his family had the same values, the same delusions that Willy did, helps to build the case for tragedy. Aristotle defined tragedy as such:Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions. Tragedy, if one is to believe Aristotle, is something that causes fear and pity. In Arthur Miller’s â€Å"Death of a Salesman†, Willy Loman fails at the American Dream.T his is a common occurrence in modern America, and readers can see themselves in Willy’s shoes, creating fear. They feel sorry for Willy, because ultimately, he is the same as them. His failure is their failure. Not just pitiable, this thought is nothing less than terrifying. According to current research, all human brains have dopamine receptors. Dopamine (DA) is the predominant catecholamine neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain, where it controls a variety of functions including locomotor activity, cognition, emotion, positive reinforcement, food intake and endocrine regulation.If tragedy instills fear, an emotion, clearly a normal working DA is required. With the DA controlling emotions, such as fear and pity, it could be said that humans are hardwired to see all loss as tragic and the play, even as defined by Aristotle, is therefore a tragedy. Being able to see ones self failing, over and over again, is both pitiable and fearful. The average human can see themselves fai ling. Willy Loman’s failures and crushed dreams become their own. In his essay, â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man†, Arthur Miller states: In this age few tragedies are written.It has often been held that the lack is due to a paucity of heroes among us, or else that modern man has had the blood drawn out of his organs of belief by the skepticism of science, and the heroic attack on life cannot feed on an attitude of reserve and circumspection. For one reason or another, we are often held to be below tragedy-or tragedy above us. The inevitable conclusion is, of course, that the tragic mode is archaic, fit only for the very highly placed, the kings or the kingly, and where this admission is not made in so many words it is most often implied.What he is saying is that, while outdated, tragedy still exists in some form, and no one is above or below it. Willy Loman wanted the American Dream. He wanted to be successful and he wanted his children to be successful. This dream per haps, is the biggest tragedy of all. The play begins when Willy is old, a salesman no longer working on salary, but for commission. He can no longer afford to support his family. All of his contacts from decades of selling are dead. He is the only one left, and he is far from successful.To Willy Loman, success is the equivalent of being well-liked. To modern man, success is having a house, a couple of cars, two point three children, Rover in the backyard and a white picket fence. There is no need to be well-liked as business can be done over the phone or via email while one is in his pajamas. Willy Loman was not well-liked. He had few friends and even less success. He struggled his life away, clawing for the next rung on the metaphorical ladder of life, and never reaching it. His sons were failures and destined to follow in his footsteps.Senile or not, Willy lived the last of his years in a complete fantasy, believing that Biff and Happy were doing well for themselves, when in reali ty, Biff was working as a farm hand and Happy was living with a new girl every week. Happy tried to reassure his father that he was going to get married and be successful. Biff seemed to throw his hands up in despair. He was content doing the work that he was, but Willy still thought of him as a failure.WILLY: How can he find himself on a farm? Is that a life? A farmhand?In the beginning, when he was young, I thought, well, a young man, it’s good for him to tramp around, take a lot of different jobs. But it’s more than ten years now and he has yet to make thirty-five dollars a week!LINDA: He’s finding himself, Willy.WILLY: Not finding yourself at the age of thirty-four is a disgrace! (Penguin Plays, pp 16)Biff himself tells his brother that their dad mocks him all the time. He feels inadequate and lost.BIFF: †¦And whenever spring comes to where I am, I suddenly get the feeling, my God, I’m not getting’ anywhere!What the hell am I doing, playin g around with horses, twenty-eight dollars a week! I’m thirty-four years old, I oughta be makin’ my future. That’s when I come running home. And now, I get here, and I don’t know what to do with myself. (pp22) Happy, too, in a conversation with his Biff, in clearly not content with the direction his life has gone in.HAPPY: †¦I don’t know what the hell I’m workin’ for. Sometimes I sit in my apartment—all alone. And I think of the rent I’m paying. And it’s crazy. But then, it’s what I always wanted. My own apartment, a car and plenty of women.And still, goddammit, I’m lonely. (pp 23) The severely dysfunctional Loman family is a tragedy. Biff and Happy’s constant struggle to make the grade, to be well liked, to be successful; is a tragedy. Willy, barely able to separate past from present, truth from fantasy, has raised his boys to think that the more friends they have the more successful the y will be. Willy Loman measures success in people, and he taught his sons to do the same. He is unable to understand what Biff’s problem is, though the reader finds out at a later time. The problem was Willy. Biff had it made.He was well liked. He had three scholarships coming his way. He failed math, and before summer school started he went to visit Willy on one of the many business trips he took. He finds his father with another woman and leaves, foregoing summer school, the credit and the football scholarships. Albert A. Shea considered â€Å"Death of a Salesman† to be a scathing social commentary on capitalist America. Shea wrote: Arthur Miller casts a score of darts — at advertising, credit selling, the family automobile; at the petty larceny and the subversive attitude toward sex characteristic of our time.But his main attack is against the view that a man is a fool if he does not get something — as much as possible — for nothing more than a smile, being a good fellow and having good contacts. Perhaps Arthur Miller is not casting darts at the view that man is a fool to expect something for nothing. Miller is no doubt attacking the standard good old American Dream, called a dream because that is precisely what it is— â€Å"†¦ something that somebody hopes, longs, or is ambitious for, usually something difficult to attain or far removed from present circumstances.†A dream then, that seldom becomes a reality. These hopes themselves are tragic, because, as mentioned above, they are difficult to attain. For the Lomans, they are not difficult, they are impossible. The Book Rags website writes Willy Loman died a failure by his own standards. Biff considers Willy's life a failure because he had the wrong dreams. He spent too much time convincing himself he could be a successful salesman, when what he was clear he was skilled at working with his hands.If he'd followed the right dreams, and confronted his abili ties in a realistic and honest way, he may not have been a failure, and his life might not have ended this way. Even in death, Willy Loman's plans fail; no one shows at his funeral, and his life insurance policy doesn't cover suicide. And so, at the end of it all, the reader sees, at the same time the Lomans see, that Willy is a failure. His life has consisted of numerous stories and fabrications. He has lied to his wife about how much he has sold, about how many friends he has and even about silk stockings.Willy is a perfect portrayal of the American husband in the fifties. He longs to provide for his family. He dreams about making it big. These are aspirations that he has passed on to at least one of his sons, Happy, who tells him â€Å"Pop, I told you I’m gonna retire you for life. † (pp41) to which Willy responds: â€Å"You’ll retire me for life on seventy goddam dollars a week? And your women and your car and your apartment, and you’ll retire me for life! † A summary on Homework Online offers this: Willy has lost at trying to live the American Dream and the play can be viewed as commentary about society.Willy was a man who was worked all his life by the machinery of Democracy and Free Enterprise and was then spit mercilessly out, spent like a â€Å"piece of fruit. † Joyce Carol Oates read the play in the 1950’s and now writes: His occupation, for all its adversities, was â€Å"white collar,† and his class not the one into which I’d been born; I could not recognize anyone I knew intimately in him, and certainly I could not have recognized myself, nor foreseen a time decades later when it would strike me forcibly that, for all his delusions and intellectual limitations, about which Arthur Miller is unromantically clear-eyed, Willy Loman is all of us.Indeed, Willy Loman is all of mankind, and that is perhaps the greatest tragedy of them all. Oates remarks that Willy Loman resembled none of the me n in her family when she was fourteen or fifteen, and then she realized that all of the men in her family were Willy Loman, in their own way. Aristotle’s definition of tragedy being something that creates fear and pity. Willy is both our fear and our pity.Perhaps Oates summarizes the tragic nature of Willy Loman better than anyone else:In the intervening years, Willy Loman has become our quintessential American tragic hero, our domestic Lear, spiraling toward suicide as toward an act of selfless grace, his mad scene on the heath a frantic seed-planting episode by flashlight in the midst of which the once-proud, now disintegrating man confesses, â€Å"I’ve got nobody to talk to. † His salesmanship, his family relations, his very life—all have been talk, optimistic and inflated sales rhetoric; yet, suddenly, in this powerful scene, Willy Loman realizes he has nobody to talk to; nobody to listen.Perhaps the most memorable single remark in the play is the qui et observation that Willy Loman is â€Å"liked . . . but not well-liked. † In America, this is not enough. Indeed, it is not enough in America.Works Cited:1. Poetics by Aristotle. Trans. S. H. Butcher. 21 May 2004. The University of Adelaide Library. 30 November 2006. .2. Missale, Cristina, S. Russel Nash, Susan W. Robinson, Mohamed Jaber and Marc G. Caron. â€Å"Dopamine Receptors: From Structure to Function†. Physiological Review. 78. 1 (1998): 189-225.3. â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man†. The Literary Link. 7 October 2006. 8 December 2006. < http://theliterarylink. com/miller1. html>.4. Miller, Arthur. Death of a Salesman. New York: Penguin Books, 1949.5. â€Å"Death of a Salesman† Book Rags. 8 December 2006. .6. â€Å"Death of a Salesman†. Homework Online 8 December 2006. 8 December 2006. .7. Oates, Joyce Carol. â€Å"Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman: A Celebration†. Fall 1998. USFCA. 10 December 2006. .

Land Subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand

Land Subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand Specific Purpose: To carry my audience to hold that we must halt the remission in Bangkok by cut downing over-exploitation of groundwater, increasing the usage of surface H2O, and sing resettlement of the capital metropolis Thesis: In order to maintain our capital metropolis safe, we must understand the jobs and causes of the land remission, and take action to halt the remission. Organizational Form: Problem-cause-solutionIntroductionAttention GetterIf you have been experiencing a spot lower late, it is non merely your imaginativeness. In fact, Bangkok has been droping. Around 20 per centum of Bangkok had already sunk by about a metre over the past 30 old ages, said Srisuk ( 2006 ) , manager of the Groundwater Research Centre.Reason to listenThis is what is go oning in Bang Khun Thian territory of Bangkok. Panya Changcharoen ( 2008 ) from this territory said, â€Å"I’m non certain how long my household and I can populate here. We urgently need aid before we lose the whole territory to the sea.† The people in this territory lost their places, lands, and occupations as some countries submerged. If we do non halt the land remission in Bangkok, non merely Bang Khun Thian, but the whole metropolis will fall below sea degree.Credibility StatementA professor from Chulalongkorn University said that Bangkok is droping at twice the rate it was a decennary ago ( Trisirisattayawong, 2009 ) .A Dutch expert who has studied the state of affairs said, â€Å"In few decennaries, Bangkok may non be habitable† ( Haberman, 1983 ) .â€Å"More than 5 0 per centum of the sinking has been caused by the tapping of groundwater by industry, † said Dr. Sanitwong ( 2013 ) , manager of the Gio-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency.Preview of Main PointsFirst, I will exemplify the dangers of the land remission in Bangkok.Second, I will discourse why this catastrophe is go oning to us.Finally, I will propose how we can get the better of this job.BodyThe jobBangkok, the capital metropolis of our state, is quickly droping.Even worse, the gait of land remission has been quickened ( Trisirisattayawong, 2009 ) .If this tendency continues, most of our capital metropolis will be in danger of falling below sea degree by century ‘s terminal ( Haberman, 1983 ) .Urban countries like Bangkok are vulnerable to set down remission, which is frequently destructive.Land remission can damage our substructures ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) . It can destruct our Rama bridges, our BTS, our MRT, our main roads, our railwaies, and ou r electric power lines.Land remission besides amendss underground pipes, increasing H2O depletion. This can make a vacuity in the aquifer, which could do a prostration of land ( Hasan, 2006 ) .Land remission can do monolithic inundations like 2011 because it increases inundation hazard ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) .Passage:In order to halt the land remission of our capital metropolis, we must foremost cognize what caused this catastrophe.CausesOur capital metropolis is droping chiefly because of inordinate groundwater pumping.The land remission rate is around 3 centimeter a twelvemonth in some topographic points in Bangkok due to over-extraction of groundwater ( Shaw, Srinivas, & A ; Sharma, 2009 )As we pump groundwater, the H2O that bears the dirt above is bit by bit removed, impacting the geologic construction. Hence, the land begins to lessen ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) .There is no appropriate pricing policy in pull outing groundwater beyond sustainable output degrees, an d hence there is over-exploitation of groundwater ( Suwal, n.d. ) . In Thailand, none of national bureaus is responsible for coordination groundwater resources ( Foster, 2008 ) .Overloading on the Soft Bangkok ClayBecause the soft Bangkok Clay is about 70 per centum saturated, it is really soft, weak, and compressible ( Bhattacharya, 2013 ) .The land remission in Bangkok has occurred because constructions were built without sing the bearing capacity of the soft Bangkok Clay.The weight of the land surface rises due to building of heavy edifices, ensuing in the compression of the clay bed ( Bhattacharya, 2013 ) .Passage:We now know that over-exploitation of groundwater and overloading on the soft clay have caused the land remission in our capital. Then now, we must larn to work out the jobs.SolutionWe need to cut down the rate of groundwater pumping.Groundwater in Thailand costs merely approximately 10 ticals per one three-dimensional metre ( Department of Groundwater Resources, n.d. ) .Higher monetary values for groundwater are necessary ( Bangkok State of the Environment, 2001 ) .We besides need to utilize groundwater and surface H2O conjunctively, or utilize more surface H2O if possible.Surface H2O intervention workss have a larger capacity. They are a batch more efficient in providing H2O to urban countries ( Mahmud, 2009 ) .Surface H2O intervention workss are located around the beginnings of surface H2O such as nearby rivers ( Mahmud, 2009 ) .If none of the solutions plants, we should in conclusion see relocating the capital metropolis as the last option.Some Thai environmental experts believe that traveling the whole capital metropolis to a higher land, for case one of the 16 northeasterly states, is the lone solution ( Kurlantzick, 2011 ) .Resettlement of the capital metropolis is dearly-won and time-consuming, but the safety of the new capital will convey benefit in the long-run ( â€Å"Capitals should, † 2012 ) .Decision: Think of your place. You grew up at that place, you have spent most of your clip at that place, you feel the safest at that place. However, will your sweet place be still there when you are at your 50? If the land remission in Bangkok can non be stopped, no 1 can guarantee that your house will be safe when you are old. Even though land remission has been a serious menace to our capital metropolis, our authorities has ignored this grave danger. We merely have few decennaries to undertake this job. Now is clip. We must maintain our eyes unfastened. We must press the authorities. We must salvage our places. Mentions Bangkok State of the Environment. ( 2001 ) . 5 Land remission.Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rrcap.ait.asia/pub/soe/bangkok_land.pdf Bhattacharya, K. A. ( 2013 ) . An analysis of land remission in Bangkok and Kolkata due to over-extraction of groundwater.EJGE.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ejge.com/2013/Ppr2013.163alr.pdf Capitals should be moved to Northeast, top scientist says. ( 2012, Feb 5 ) .The State.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nationmultimedia.com/national/Capital-should-be-moved-to-Northeast-top-scientist-30175186.html Department of Groundwater Resources. ( n.d. ) . retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dgr.go.th/en/organize.htm Faculty of Geosciences at Utrecht University. ( 2010 ) . Rising sea degrees attributed to planetary groundwater extraction.Utrecht University.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uu.nl/EN/Current/Pages/Wereldwijdonttrekkenvangrondwaterleidttotzeespiegelstijging.aspx Foster, S. ( 2008 ) . Siam: Strengthening capacity in groundwater resources direction.The World Bank.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.un-igrac.org/dynamics/modules/SFIL0100/view.php? fil_Id=178 Haberman, C. ( 1983 ) . Crowded Bangkok is droping under weight of its ain growing.The New York Times.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nytimes.com/1983/05/01/world/crowded-bangkok-is-sinking-under-weight-of-its-own-growth.html Hasan, F. K. ( 2006 ) . Water direction in Dhaka.International Journal of Water Resource Development, vol. 22 Kurlantzick, J. ( 2011 ) . Time to travel Bangkok? .Council on Foreign Relations.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //blogs.cfr.org/asia/2011/11/09/time-to-move-bangkok/ Mahmud, A. ( 2009 ) . Impact of urbanisation on land H2O.Research Project of Social Science 2008-9.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.academia.edu/8072864/ Impact-of-Urbanization-on-Ground-Water Sanitwong, A. ( 2013 ) . Thailand needs to move as Bangkok sinks faster.Deutsche Welle.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dw.de/thailand-needs-to-act-as-bangkok-sinks-faster/a-16739739 Shaw, R. , Srinivas, H. , & A ; Sharma, A. ( 2009 ) .Urban hazard decrease: An Asiatic position.Wagon Lane, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Srisuk, K. ( 2006 ) . Excessive groundwater usage â€Å"sinking Bangkok† .Department of Environmental Quality Promotion.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.deqp.go.th/index.php? option=com_content & A ; view=article & A ; id=14538:2006-02-17 & amp ; catid=7:2010-02-04-06-14-10 & A ; Itemid=43 & A ; lang=th Suwal, S. ( n.d. ) . Water in crisis – Thailand.The Water Project.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //thewaterproject.org/water-in-crisis-thailand Thai National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage. ( 2002 ) . General Information about Thailand.International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage.Retrieved from http www.icid.org/v_thailand.pdf Trisirisattayawong, I. ( 2009 ) . PS-inSAR measuring of land remission in Bangkok metropolitan country.Chulalongkorn University.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sv.eng.chula.ac.th/attachments/article/84/ACRS2009_InSAR_GEO2TECDI.pdf Tularam, G. A. , Krishna, M. ( 2009 ) . Long term effects of groundwater pumping in Australia: A reappraisal of impacts around the Earth.Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation,4( 2 ) , 151-166. Warr, P. ( 2005 ) . Thailand beyond the crisis. Routledge Curzon, New York: New york Water Environmental Partnership in Asia. State of H2O environmental issues: Thailand. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wepa-db.net/policies/state/thailand/thailand.htm